The invention of USB (Universal Serial Bus)

A bus is a communication pathway in a digital computer that allows data to flow between the central processing unit (CPU) and its memory and between among the CPU and peripheral devices. The bus played a key role in the development of the modern desktop computer in the later 1970s and 1980s.

It was developed and invented by Ajay Bhatt while working for Intel. He won the prize together with his team consisting of BalaCadambi, Jeff Morriss, Shelagh Callahan and Shaun Knoll for inventing the USB technology.

Frustrated with process of reconfiguring and rebooting the computer while installing a printer for his wife’s computer, Bhatt decided to create a connection interface that would recognize and run new devices automatically when they were plugged into computer.

USB is intended to replace many varieties of serial and parallel ports. The first silicon for USB was made available by Intel in 1995. The aim was to bring serial-port and serial bus technology into the twenty first century.

The USB 1.0 specification was introduced in January 1996. The original USB 1.0 specification had a data transfer rate of 12 Mbit/s. The first widely used version of USB was 1.1, which was released in September 1998.

The USB 2.0 was released in April 2000, and was standardized by the USB-IF at the end of 2001, was widely accepted by HP, Intel.
The invention of USB (Universal Serial Bus)

History of remote control

Remote controls were actually the brainchild of famed inventor Nikola Tesla.

In 1893, Tesla showed what wireless telegraphy was like, eight years after Hertz discover electromagnetic waves. In 1898, he used his remote control to power a toy boat that he could sail on lakes around his house. He predicted the imminent completion of a system that could transmit both power and intelligence over long distances with wires.

In 1896, wireless signals were being transmitted up to 30 miles in distance. Tesla patented the first four tuned circuit wireless system.

The first-ever remotely operated ‘controller’ for television set was something called a ‘Telezoom’ installed in one model of televisions made by the Garod Corporation of Newark, New Jersey.

The Lazy Bones was introduced by Zenith (Zenith Radio Company) in 1950. It was s attached to the set by a cord. It soon disappeared off the market for safety reason.

In 1955, Eugene Polley from Chicago had invented the first-ever powerless remote controller for television sets, which he dubbed the ‘Flash Matic’.

In 1956, Robert Adler developed the Space Commander 600 remote control. This clever remote actually worked without batteries. The remote had a mini xylophone inside, and hitting a button caused a tiny hammer to strike an aluminum rod.

Today’s remote controls use either infrared light or radio signals.
History of remote control

Invention of cell phone

The terms cell phone, cellular phone, mobile phone and wireless phone all refer to the same type of voice-centric mobile device that has become the essential personal communication tool everywhere.

Cellular phone use has grown rapidly since the device was developed in the 1970s; roughly one billion mobile handsets are now in use worldwide.

American inventor Dr Martin Cooper, Motorola engineer is usually credited with making the handheld cell phone a reality.

He was the first who set up the base station in New York and used the world’s first cell phone, the Motorola DynaTac, to place cell phone call on April 3, 1978 while walking on a street of New York City.

When Martin Cooper developed his first cell phone, it was designed for people like taxi drivers who needed to make calls on the move. The first cell phone as commercially manufactured in 1977 in Chicago.

The first cell phones in the 1980s were large and were usually in staled in vehicles.

It was in the 1990s that the mobile phone hit the mass market and evolved into a fashion accessory.
Invention of cell phone 

The invention of television

Television does not have just one inventor. The best early known writers on the subject of ‘distant electric vision’ and most accurate predictor was a prominent British electrical engineer named A.A Campbell Swinton. He suggested the idea of an entirely electronic video system in 1908.

The concept of ‘television’ can be traced back as far as 1875 when an American inventor, G.R Carey, created a primitive television using photoelectric cells.

His invention relied on an image being created through a panel of electric light bulbs, required an enormous numbers of wire, bulbs and photoelectric cells and only produced a low quality image.

In 1884, 23 years old engineering student, Paul Nipkow, took first practical step toward actually setting up a video system.

In 1920, a young American name Philo Farnsworth had an idea to send pictures as well as sound through the air. This led to the invention of the electronic television camera.

While, the earliest television broadcast were made in 1935 in Berlin and 1936 in Paris and England, popular interest in the medium did not develop until the late 1930s.

Today, advanced digital technology solutions for television have gone beyond the predictions of Swinton.
The invention of television

The invention of telephone

In early days of Western Science, Frances Bacon in his book New Utopia published in 1627 described a telephone-like device involving a long speaking tube.

Slightly later, in 1667, Robert Hooke, performed experiments involving the transmission of sound along a taut string.

In the 1850s in France, Belgian-born inventor Charles Bourseul presented a report to the Academie Des Sciences, which discussed the possibility of transmitting sound vibrations via electricity.

On March 7, 1876 the US Patent Office issued to a young man named Alexander Graham Bell what has since been described as the most valuable patent ever issued.

Details of Bell’s telephone which is called ‘receiver’ as described in his patent, indicated that a telephone consisted of two receivers, used alternately for speaking and hearing; receivers were connected by a wire line.

‘Mr. Watson, come here. I want to see you.’ Alexander Graham Bell said these words to Thomas Watson on March 10, 1876. Bell and Watson were in different rooms at that time.

Bell managed to complete a working model of his telephone and exhibited it to various dignitaries, including Emperor Dom Pedro of Brazil at Philadelphia exposition.

The French government later gave Bell a prize of 50,000 francs for inventing the telephone. Alexandra turned the money over a laboratory for research into aids for the deaf.
The invention of telephone