The invention of Morse code

In 1605, Francis Bacon (1561 – 1626) developed a code to substitute for the letters  of the alphabet. The cipher – really a binary code – substituted a five-letter string  of a’s and b’s.

Morse code was developed by an American, Samuel Finley Breese Morse (1791-1872). Messages were transmitted through this system using Morse code, an alphabet of electronic marks in which each English letter is represented by some sequence of dashes and dots. Before the invention of the telegraph, messages that had to deliver to be sent over long distances were usually carried by messenger.

But in 1830, the first long distance telegraph device was made by Joseph Henry (1797-1878) and Samuel Morse invented a telegraph system for sending message using electricity. Messages were sent by tapping out special code for each code for letter in the form of long or short signal.

Morse thought that if he could perfect the electromagnetic telegraph that he had designed. In early 1838 he switched to the dot-dash system, the final version of which did not emerge until 1844. In this version the most frequently used letters were assigned the shortest codes. The instrument Morse exhibited to friends in September 1837 contained the basic elements of what later became the standard telegraph.

Morse transmitted the first telegraphic message over an experimental line from Washington D.C. to Baltimore on May 24, 1844. Morse code is an international form of communication that replaces the letters of the alphabet with dots and dashes of sound or light. Sailors and submariners can use Morse code to communicate over distances such as from one ship to another ship or from a ship to the shore.
The invention of Morse code

Invention of telegraph by Guglielmo Marconi

Guglielmo Marconi, 1st Marquis of Marconi, was an entrepreneur, businessman and founder of the UK based Wireless Telegraph & Signal Company (which later became the Marconi Company)in 1897.

Guglielmo Marconi was born on 25 April, 1874, in Bologna. He was the son of an Italian country squire and an Irish opera singer. He lived a quite venture some youth, with his family moving between Great Britain, Bologna, Florence, and Leghorn (Livorno).

As a boy, when conducting his sailboat in Leghorn, he realized that as soon as one got away from the coast, one could no longer communicate. He picked up some physics and mathematics in Leghorn, under the supervision of Professor Vincenzo Rosaof the renowned Liceo Niccolini. As a teenager, Marconi started experimenting with electricity and magnetism.

In 1854, semaphore was out and electric wire was in. That year, the New York-Sandy Hook Telegraph Company, using magnetic telegraph equipment, set up the first telegraph station at the Twin Lights.

Marconi succeeded in making the radio a commercial success by innovating and building on the work of previous experimenters and physicists. Achieving his first experimentation success on his father's estate in Bologna, Italy in 1895, Marconi wrote to the Ministry of Post and Telegraphs, but the ministry was not interested in funding further research.

Finding little interest or appreciation for his work in Italy, Marconi travelled to London in early 1896 at the age of 21, accompanied by his mother, to seek support for his work. A series of demonstrations for the British government followed, the English seeking better ways to remain in contact with their widely dispersed fleet.

By March 1897, Marconi had transmitted Morse code signals over a distance of about 6 km (3.7 mi) across the Salisbury Plainsouth of England. On May 13, 1897, Marconi sent the world's first ever wireless communication over open sea, achieving up to 16 km (9.9 mi) in range.

Invention of telegraph by Guglielmo Marconi